Colorectal cancer screening is an early detection and prevention method targeting colorectal cancer, aimed at identifying potential malignancies or precursor lesions to enable timely treatment and improve survival rates.
Through regular screening, abnormal growths or cells within the intestines can be detected, allowing for intervention before cancer develops, thereby reducing the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer screening primarily includes several diagnostic methods such as colonoscopy, fecal occult blood testing, and virtual colonoscopy.
The principle behind these tests is to detect abnormal changes within the intestinal tract, such as tumors, inflammation, or other pathological alterations, to assess the risk of colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer screening is suitable for high-risk populations, including individuals over 50 years old, those with a family history, or individuals with chronic intestinal diseases.
Doctors may recommend appropriate screening methods and frequencies based on individual health status and risk factors.
Colonoscopy requires bowel preparation, followed by endoscopic examination of the intestinal wall for abnormalities.
Fecal occult blood testing involves collecting stool samples to detect hidden blood, often requiring multiple tests to ensure accuracy.
Colonoscopy may carry risks such as intestinal perforation or bleeding, though rare, requiring careful procedure by the physician.
Fecal occult blood testing may produce false-positive results, leading to unnecessary worry and further examinations.
Individuals with severe intestinal diseases or recent bleeding may need to avoid certain testing methods.
Pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult their doctor before undergoing testing.
Some medications, such as anticoagulants, may affect test results or increase risks, so inform your doctor beforehand.
Studies show that regular colorectal cancer screening can significantly reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.
If certain tests are unsuitable, doctors may suggest alternative options such as blood tests or genetic testing.
Regular screening can detect lesions early, providing opportunities for treatment before cancer develops or is in its early stages, significantly increasing the cure rate. Early screening can detect precancerous lesions such as adenomatous polyps, which, if removed timely, can effectively prevent cancer.
What are the main methods of colorectal cancer screening?The main screening methods include colonoscopy, fecal occult blood test (FOBT), and stool DNA testing. Colonoscopy is the most commonly used and accurate method, allowing direct observation of the colon and rectal mucosa and removal of polyps. FOBT is a non-invasive screening method suitable for initial screening.
Why do some people need more frequent colorectal cancer screenings?Some populations have a higher risk of colorectal cancer due to genetic factors, family history, or previous medical history, requiring more frequent screening. For example, if a first-degree relative has colorectal cancer or if the individual has had adenomatous polyps, doctors may recommend a more intensive screening schedule.
What discomfort might be experienced during colorectal cancer screening?Colonoscopy may cause mild discomfort, including abdominal pressure or slight pain during the procedure. To reduce discomfort, bowel cleansing is usually performed beforehand, and sedatives may be used to enhance comfort. After the procedure, mild diarrhea or abdominal pain may occur within 24 hours, but these symptoms typically resolve quickly.
How accurate is colorectal cancer screening?Colorectal cancer screening is highly accurate, especially colonoscopy, which can detect most adenomatous polyps and early cancers. However, like all medical tests, there is a possibility of missed diagnoses. Therefore, following your doctor's advice and undergoing regular screening is very important.
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