Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor primarily used to treat hypertension, heart failure, and symptoms following myocardial infarction. This medication works by inhibiting the production of vasoconstrictive substances, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure, thereby improving cardiac and renal function.
Lisinopril is also used to slow the progression of diabetic nephropathy, reducing proteinuria and protecting glomerular filtration rate. Its effects are long-lasting and mechanism of action is unique, typically requiring continuous use for optimal results. It is not suitable for acute blood pressure control or emergency situations.
The generic name of Lisinopril is Lisinopril. Common commercial brands include Prinivil®, Zestril®, among others. Different countries or regions may use different brand names, but the active ingredient remains Lisinopril. Patients should check the ingredient list on the medication packaging and follow the prescribed instructions from their healthcare provider.
This medication is available in tablet or capsule form, with dosages typically ranging from 5mg, 10mg, 20mg, to 40mg. Patients should verify the brand and ingredients on the packaging during medical visits and regularly review their medication plan with their healthcare provider.
Lisinopril is classified as an ACE inhibitor, which blocks the action of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, reducing the production of vasoconstrictive substances, leading to vasodilation and decreased fluid volume. ACE inhibitors are first-line drugs for treating cardiovascular diseases, offering benefits such as reducing cardiac workload and protecting the kidneys.
Compared to other antihypertensive drugs, Lisinopril’s unique mechanism makes it particularly effective in treating heart failure and diabetic nephropathy. However, this class of drugs may cause side effects such as dry cough, which should be distinguished from other categories like calcium channel blockers or beta-blockers.
Main indications include:
Additionally, this medication is also used for:
Mild side effects include:
Serious side effects requiring immediate medical attention:
Contraindications:
Special Warnings:
Contraindicated interactions include:
Interactions to watch for:
Initial dosage:
Administration precautions:
If a dose is missed:
Handling special situations:
Overdose may cause:
Emergency measures:
Is it necessary to take Lisinopril at the same time every day?
Yes, it is recommended to take it at a fixed time daily to maintain consistent drug levels. If a dose is missed occasionally, take it as soon as remembered; if it is close to the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose to avoid doubling. Setting reminders or using a pill organizer can help remember.
What should I do if I develop a cough while taking Lisinopril?
Cough is a common side effect of this medication, possibly caused by increased prostaglandin secretion due to ACE inhibition. If the cough persists or affects daily life, consult your doctor to evaluate whether dose adjustment or switching medication is necessary. Do not stop medication on your own to prevent blood pressure rebound.
Is it safe to use Lisinopril with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen?
Concurrent use may reduce the antihypertensive effect of Lisinopril and increase the risk of renal impairment. If NSAIDs are needed short-term, inform your doctor and monitor blood pressure and kidney function closely. Long-term combined use should be carefully evaluated for alternative treatments.
Do I need to restrict certain foods while taking Lisinopril?
A low-sodium diet is recommended to enhance blood pressure reduction, but there is no need to restrict protein or fat intake specifically. If taking potassium-sparing diuretics, avoid excessive consumption of high-potassium foods (e.g., bananas, avocados) to prevent hyperkalemia. Excessive alcohol intake may weaken the medication’s efficacy; moderate drinking is advised.
Should Lisinopril be temporarily discontinued before surgery?
Inform your anesthesiologist about your medication use before surgery. Temporary discontinuation should be evaluated by your doctor, as sudden cessation may trigger hypertensive crises. If fasting is required before surgery, medication can be taken after resuming eating. Postoperative monitoring of blood pressure and renal function is necessary, with dose adjustments if needed.
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