Torsemide is a diuretic primarily used to treat fluid retention (edema) caused by heart, kidney, or liver diseases, as well as to control hypertension. It belongs to the class of sulfonylurea diuretics, working by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal renal tubules, promoting urine excretion, and reducing excess water and salt in the body.
This medication is often used in combination with other cardiovascular drugs to improve symptoms such as dyspnea and lower limb edema in patients with congestive heart failure or cirrhosis. Its duration of action is longer than that of furosemide, making it suitable for patients requiring long-term edema management.
The scientific name of torsemide is Torsemide, with common brand names including Demadex. Different countries or regions may have other brand names; always verify the medication label before use.
Torsemide is classified as a "distal renal tubule inhibitor" within the category of "diuretics," specifically a sulfonylurea diuretic. Its pharmacological action is similar to that of loop diuretics but with a longer half-life, allowing for once-daily dosing to maintain efficacy.
1. Peripheral edema caused by heart failure, kidney disease, or cirrhosis.
2. As an adjunctive treatment for hypertension, typically used when first-line medications (such as ACE inhibitors or ARBs) are ineffective.
3. Treatment of electrolyte imbalances, under medical supervision.
1. Allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to sulfonamides or this medication.
2. Patients with anuria due to end-stage renal failure.
3. Severe liver dysfunction or metabolic alkalosis.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) classifies it as Category C, indicating it should only be used during pregnancy if necessary. It may be secreted into breast milk; the benefits and risks should be weighed before discontinuing breastfeeding.
- Edema Treatment: The usual starting dose is 20-40 mg once daily, taken after breakfast to reduce nocturia.
- Hypertension Treatment: Usually combined with other antihypertensive drugs, with a starting dose of 5-20 mg once daily.
Physicians may adjust the dose based on renal function. Both oral and intravenous routes are available, but self-adjusting the dose may lead to dehydration or electrolyte disturbances; strict adherence to medical instructions is essential.
- If close to the next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the scheduled time.
- If unsure whether a dose was missed, consult a pharmacist or physician to avoid doubling doses on your own.
1. Seek immediate medical attention and bring the medication container for reference.
2. Hospital treatment may involve fluid replacement or dialysis.
3. During overdose, closely monitor blood pressure, renal function, and electrolyte levels.
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