Causes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrine disorder characterized by a complex and multifaceted etiology involving interactions among genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The main features of this condition include hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries, but its core causes remain not fully understood. Recent research indicates that genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, metabolic abnormalities, and changes in lifestyle collectively contribute to the development of PCOS.

The clinical presentation varies greatly; some patients primarily experience menstrual irregularities, while others may also have insulin resistance or obesity. This multifactorial nature requires a multi-level approach to causation analysis, integrating information through interdisciplinary research. The following sections will explore the causes of PCOS from four perspectives: genetics, environment, lifestyle, and other potential risk factors.